Bauhaus was founded by Martin Gropius in 1919 as a new type of art academy.
The school moved to Dessau in 1925, and then back again to Berlin in 1932, where it was closed in 1933 by the National Socialists. The fundamental idea behind the academy was to combine the teaching of arts and crafts with that of fine and applied art in order to produce collaborative work. The teachers at the Bauhaus were important artists of that era. They developed basic principles of architectural teaching, new concepts in art pedagogy, and aesthetic norms for industrial design. After the Bauhaus was shut down, many of them emigrated to the USA, to Great Britain, France, and Russia. The artistic legacy of Bauhaus and its creative impetus have had a profound impact on art, architecture, and industrial design. The influence of Bauhaus modernity extends into the present, and in the world of product design is still synonymous with functional, intelligent design.